This Document shows the step by step of installing and setting up 3-Node 11gR2 RAC cluster. This setup uses IP Based iSCSI Openfiler SAN as a shared storage subsystem. This setup does not have IPMI and Grid Naming Service (GNS) configured. The SCAN is resolved through DNS.
· Total Machines: 5 (3 for RAC nodes + 1 for NAS + 1 for DNS)
· Network Switches: 3 (for Public, Private and Shared Storage)
· Extra Network Adaptors: 7 (6 for RAC nodes (2 for each node) and one for Storage Server)
· Network cables: 11 (9 for RAC nodes (3 for each node), one for Shared Storage and 1 for DNS server)
· External USB HD: 1 (1 TB)
Machines Specifications:
DELL OPTIPLEX GX620
CPU: Intel 3800MHz
RAM: 4084MB
HD: 250GB
DVD, 10/100 NIC, 8 MB VRAM
Network Adaptor Specifications:
Linksys EG1032 Instant Gigabit Network Adapter
Network Switch Specifications:
D-Link 24-Port Rackmountable Gigabit Switch
Network Cables Specifications:
25-Foot Cat6 Snagless Patch Cable – (Blue, Black and Grey)
· NAS Storage Solution: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686)
· Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE)
· Clusterware: Oracle 11g R2 Grid Infrastructure (11.2.0.1)
· Oracle RAC: Oracle RDBMS 11g R2 (11.2.0.1)
Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE):
Server: All the RAC Nodes + DNS server
Grid Infrastructure Software (Clusterware + ASM 11.2.0.1):
Server: All the RAC Nodes
ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/grid
ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/grid11201
Owner: grid (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group: asmadmin, asmdba)
Permissions: 755
OCR/Voting Disk Storage Type: ASM
Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory
Oracle Database Software (RAC 11.2.0.1):
Server: All the RAC Nodes
ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/db11201
Owner: oracle (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group: asmdba, dba)
Permissions: 755
Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory
Database Name: labdb
Listener: LAB_LISTENER (TCP:1525)
Openfiler 2.3:
Server: single dedicated server acting as NAS.
OS: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686).
3-Node RAC Architecture:
Machine
|
Public Name
|
Private Name
|
VIP Name
|
RAC Node1
|
node1.hingu.net
|
node1-prv
|
node1-vip.hingu.net
|
RAC Node2
|
node2.hingu.net
|
node2-prv
|
node2-vip.hingu.net
|
RAC Node3
|
node3.hingu.net
|
node3-prv
|
node3-vip.hingu.net
|
Storage
|
nas-server
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
DNS server
|
lab-dns
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
SCAN IPs:
192.168.2.151
192.168.2.152
192.168.2.153
SCAN: lab-scan.hingu.net
Cluster Name: lab
Public Network: 192.168.2.0/eth2
Private network (cluster Interconnect): 192.168.0.0/eth0
Private network (Storage Network): 192.168.1.0/eth1
Machine
|
Public IP
|
Private IP
|
VIP
|
Storage IP
|
RAC Node1
|
192.168.2.1
|
192.168.0.1
|
192.168.2.51
|
192.168.1.1
|
RAC Node2
|
192.168.2.2
|
192.168.0.2
|
192.168.2.52
|
192.168.1.2
|
RAC Node3
|
192.168.2.3
|
192.168.0.3
|
192.168.2.53
|
192.168.1.3
|
Storage
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
192.168.1.101
|
DNS server
|
192.168.2.200
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
The Installation is divided into 3 main categories:
· Each node in the Cluster must meet the below requirement.
· At least 1024 x 768 display resolution, so that OUI displays correctly.
· 1 GB of space in the /tmp directory
· 5.5 GB space for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home.
· At least 2.5 GB of RAM and equivalent swap space (for 32 bit installation as in my case).
· All the RAC nodes must share the same Instruction Set Architecture. For a testing RAC setup, it is possible to install RAC on servers with mixtures of Intel 32 and AMD 32 with differences in sizes of Memory/CPU speed.
The below selection was made during the installation of OEL5 on the Node 1 (node1.hingu.net). The same process was followed to install RHEL 5 on all the remaining RAC nodes and DNS Host (lab-dns).
The Hostname/IP information was appropriately chosen for respective nodes from the Architecture diagram.
Insert Installation Media #1:
Testing the CD Media: Skip
Language: English
Key Board: U.S. English
Partition Option: “Remove all Partitions on selected drives and create default layout”
Boot Loader: “ The GRUB boot loader will be installed on /dev/sda”
Network Devices:
Active on Boot
|
Devices
|
IPV4.Netmask
|
IPV6/Prefix
|
Yes
|
eth0
|
192.168.0.1/255.255.255.0
|
Auto
|
Yes
|
eth1
|
192.168.1.1/255.255.255.0
|
Auto
|
Yes
|
eth2
|
192.168.2.1/255.255.255.0
|
Auto
|
Hostname à Manually à node1.hingu.net
Ignore both the Warning Messages at this point
Region: America/New York
System Clock Uses UTC (checked)
Root Password à Enter the root password
Additional Tasks On top of Default Installation: “Checked all Software Development” and “Web Server”
Customize Now (Selected)
(Below is the extra selection on top of the default selected packages)
Applications à Authoring and Publishing (checked)
Development à Development Libraries Ã
libstdc++44-devel
Development à Java Development
Development à Legacy Software Development
Servers à Checked All the servers
Servers à Legacy Network Server Ã
bootparamd, rsh-server, rusers, rusers-server, telnet-server
Servers à Network Servers Ã
dhcp, dhcpv6, dnsmasq, ypserv
Servers à Servers Configuration Tools Ã
Checked All
Base System à Administration Tools Ã
Checked All
Base System à Base Ã
device-mapper-multipath, iscsi-initiator-utils,
Base System à Legacy Software Support Ã
openmotif22
Base System à System Tools Ã
OpenIPMI-gui, lsscsi, oracle*, sysstat, tsclient
Post Installation Steps:
(1) Yes to License Agreement.
(2) Disable the firewall
(3) Disable SELinux
(4) Disable kdump
(5) Set the clock
(6) Finish
Version: Openfiler V 2.3 (downloaded from here)
This Install guide was followed to install Openfiler with below values of Hostname and IP.
HOSTNAME: nas-server
Network:
NAS IP: 192.168.1.101
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0
Post installation Steps:
· Disabled the Firewall using system-config-securitylevel-tui
· Changed the password of the openfiler user (default is password)
· Registered the cluster nodes in the “Network Access Configuration” under the “System” tab.
· ‘Enable” all the services shown under the ‘Service” tab
System Setup Screen
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-headers-2.5
kernel-headers-2.6.18
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libgcc-4.1.2
libgomp-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2
make-3.81
numactl-devel-0.9.8.i386
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
Below command verifies whether the specified rpms are installed or not. Any missing rpms can be installed from the OEL Media Pack
rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static \
gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel \
libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
I had to install below extra RPMs.
numactl-devel à Located on the 3rd CD of OEL 5.5 Media pack.
cvuqdisk à Available on Grid Infrastructure Media (under rpm folder)
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.el5.i386.rpm
warning: numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:numactl-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@node1 ~]#
[root@node1 rpms]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]
Public, VIPs and SCAN VIPs are resolved by DNS. The private IPs for Cluster Interconnects are resolved through /etc/hosts. The hostname along with public/private and NAS network is configured at the time of OEL network installations. The final Network Configurations files are listed here.
(a) hostname:
For Node node1:
[root@node1 ~]# hostname node1.hingu.net
node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=node1.hingu.net
For Node node2:
[root@node2 ~]# hostname node2.hingu.net
node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=node2.hingu.net
For Node node3:
[root@node3 ~]# hostname node3.hingu.net
node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=node3.hingu.net
For Node nas-server:
[root@nas-server ~]# hostname nas-server
nas-server: /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=nas-server
For Node lab-dns:
[root@lab-dns ~]# hostname lab-dns
lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=nas-server
(b) Private Network for Cluster Interconnect:
node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60
IPADDR=192.168.0.1
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.0.0
ONBOOT=yes
node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:4B
IPADDR=192.168.0.2
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.0.0
ONBOOT=yes
node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:49
IPADDR=192.168.0.3
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.0.0
ONBOOT=yes
(c) Public Network:
node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.2.255
HWADDR=00:18:8B:04:6A:62
IPADDR=192.168.2.1
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.2.0
ONBOOT=yes
node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.2.255
HWADDR=00:18:8B:24:F8:58
IPADDR=192.168.2.2
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.2.0
ONBOOT=yes
node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.2.255
HWADDR=00:19:B9:0C:E6:EF
IPADDR=192.168.2.3
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.2.0
ONBOOT=yes
lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.2.255
HWADDR=00:13:72:A1:E9:1B
IPADDR=192.168.2.200
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.2.0
ONBOOT=yes
(d) Private Network for Shared Storage:
node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60
IPADDR=192.168.1.1
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:45:13
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:48
IPADDR=192.168.1.3
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
nas-server.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:43:D6
IPADDR=192.168.1.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
(e) /etc/hosts files:
node1.hingu.net: /etc/hosts
# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 node1.hingu.net node1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
##=======================================
# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect
##=======================================
192.168.0.1 node1-prv
192.168.0.2 node2-prv
192.168.0.3 node3-prv
##=======================================
##=======================================
node2.hingu.net: /etc/hosts
# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 node2.hingu.net node2 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
##=======================================
# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect
##=======================================
192.168.0.1 node1-prv
192.168.0.2 node2-prv
192.168.0.3 node3-prv
##=======================================
##=======================================
node3.hingu.net: /etc/hosts
# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 node3.hingu.net node3 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
##=======================================
# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect
##=======================================
192.168.0.1 node1-prv
192.168.0.2 node2-prv
192.168.0.3 node3-prv
##=======================================
##=======================================
lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/hosts
# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 lab-dns.hingu.net lab-dns localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
DNS Server: lab-dns.hingu.net
RPMs required in setting up DNS server:
ypbind-1.19-12.el5
bind-utils-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2
bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2
system-config-bind-4.0.3-4.0.1.el5
bind-libs-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2
bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2
Configurations files modified/created to set up DNS:
lab-dbs.hingu.net
/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf (modified)
/var/named/chroot/var/named/hingu.net.zone (created)
/var/named/chroot/var/named/2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone (created)
/var/named/chroot/var/named/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone (created)
On node1, node2 and node3
/etc/resolv.conf (modified)
/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
// Enterprise Linux BIND Configuration Tool
//
// Default initial "Caching Only" name server configuration
//
options {
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
};
// Zone for this RAC configuration is hingu.net
zone "hingu.net" in {
type master;
file "hingu.net.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
// For reverse lookups
zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in {
type master;
file "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in {
type master;
file "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
include "/etc/rndc.key";
/var/named/chroot/var/named/hingu.net.zone
$TTL 1d
hingu.net. IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. (
100 ; se = serial number
8h ; ref = refresh
5m ; ret = update retry
3w ; ex = expiry
3h ; min = minimum
)
IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net.
; DNS server
lab-dns IN A 192.168.2.200
; RAC Nodes Public name
node1 IN A 192.168.2.1
node2 IN A 192.168.2.2
node3 IN A 192.168.2.3
; RAC Nodes Public VIPs
node1-vip IN A 192.168.2.51
node2-vip IN A 192.168.2.52
node3-vip IN A 192.168.2.53
; 3 SCAN VIPs
lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.151
lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.152
lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.153
; Storage Network
nas-server IN A 192.168.1.101
node1-nas IN A 192.168.1.1
node2-nas IN A 192.168.1.2
node3-nas IN A 192.168.1.3
/var/named/chroot/var/named/2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone
$TTL 1d
@ IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. (
100 ; se = serial number
8h ; ref = refresh
5m ; ret = update retry
3w ; ex = expiry
3h ; min = minimum
)
IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net.
; DNS machine name in reverse
200 IN PTR lab-dns.hingu.net.
; RAC Nodes Public Name in Reverse
1 IN PTR node1.hingu.net.
2 IN PTR node2.hingu.net.
3 IN PTR node3.hingu.net.
; RAC Nodes Public VIPs in Reverse
51 IN PTR node1-vip.hingu.net.
52 IN PTR node2-vip.hingu.net.
53 IN PTR node3-vip.hingu.net.
; RAC Nodes SCAN VIPs in Reverse
151 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net.
152 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net.
153 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net.
/var/named/chroot/var/named/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone
$TTL 1d
@ IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. (
100 ; se = serial number
8h ; ref = refresh
5m ; ret = update retry
3w ; ex = expiry
3h ; min = minimum
)
IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net.
; Storage Network Reverse Lookup
101 IN PTR nas-server.hingu.net.
1 IN PTR node1-nas.hingu.net.
2 IN PTR node2-nas.hingu.net.
3 IN PTR node3-nas.hingu.net.
/etc/resolv.conf (on RAC nodes):
search hingu.net
nameserver 192.168.2.200
Start the DNS Service (named):
service named start
chkconfig --level 35 named on
Verify the DNS Setup:
NOTE: nslookup for lab-scan should return names in random order every time.
Enable Name Service Cache Daemon nscd: (On all the RAC Nodes)
chkconfig --level 35 nscd on
service ncsd start
userdel oracle
groupdel oinstall
groupdel dba
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1021 asmdba
groupadd -g 1031 dba
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid11201
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01
passwd grid
passwd oracle
This package is located in the rpm directory on Grid Infrastructure Media and needs to be installed after the group oinstall is created. In my case, as this was a fresh install of 11g R2 on new hardware, old versions of cvuqdisk was not present. If it is, then the older version needs to be removed first.
export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall
echo $CVUQDISK
rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
[root@node1 rpm]# pwd
/home/grid/11gR2_for_OEL5/grid11201/grid/rpm
[root@node1 rpm]# export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall
[root@node1 rpm]# echo $CVUQDISK_GRP
oinstall
[root@node1 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cvuqdisk ########################################### [100%]
[root@node1 rpm]# rpm -qa | grep cvuqdisk
cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1
[root@node1 rpm]#
In this installation, Oracle Time Synchronization Service is used over the Linux system provided ntpd. So, it needs to deactivated and deinstalled to avoid any possibility of it being conflicted with the Oracle’s Cluster Time Sync Service (ctss).
# /sbin/service ntpd stop
# chkconfig ntpd off
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org
Also remove the following file:
/var/run/ntpd.pid
(a) Set the umask to 022 by putting below line into these users’ (grid and oracle) .bash_profile files:
umask 022
Then, executed the .bash_profile and verified that the correct value of umask is displayed.
[grid@node1 ~]$ . .bash_profile
[grid@node1 ~]$ umask
(b) Setting up X11 forwarding:
Created the file ~/.ssh/config to disable the X11Forwadding by placing below line in it.
Host *
ForwardX11 no
(c) Suppressed the Terminal output on STDOUT and STDERR to prevent Installation errors:
Modified the file ~/.bashrc (or .cshrc for C shell) with below entry.
Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
if [ -t 0 ]; then
stty intr ^C
fi
C shell:
test -t 0
if ($status == 0) then
stty intr ^C
endif
(d) Increased the Shell Limits:
Recommended:
Resource
|
Soft Limit
|
Hard Limit
|
Processes
|
2047
|
16384
|
Open File Descriptors
|
1024
|
65536
|
Stack
|
10240
|
10240 - 32768
|
Set:
Resource
|
Soft Limit
|
Hard Limit
|
Processes
|
131072
|
131072
|
Open File Descriptors
|
131072
|
131072
|
Stack
|
32768
|
32768
|
Added the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:
oracle soft nofile 131072
oracle hard nofile 131072
oracle soft nproc 131072
oracle hard nproc 131072
oracle soft core unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
oracle soft memlock 3500000
oracle hard memlock 3500000
# Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for oracle installations
# oracle hard stack 32768
grid soft nofile 131072
grid hard nofile 131072
grid soft nproc 131072
grid hard nproc 131072
grid soft core unlimited
grid hard core unlimited
grid soft memlock 3500000
grid hard memlock 3500000
# Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for grid installations
# grid hard stack 32768
Added the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the /etc/profile:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 131072
ulimit -n 131072
else
ulimit -u 131072 -n 131072
fi
fi
if [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 131072
ulimit -n 131072
else
ulimit -u 131072 -n 131072
fi
fi
For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login.
if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 131072
limit descriptors 131072
endif
if ( $USER == "grid" ) then
limit maxproc 131072
limit descriptors 131072
endif
(e) Set the below Kernel Parameters with recommended range in /etc/sysctl.conf
This was already set with the installation of oracle-validated package.
/etc/sysctl.conf
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 1
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmax = 8192
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
# For 11g, recommended value for file-max is 6815744
fs.file-max = 6815744
# For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max 327679', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# fs.file-max:327679
kernel.msgmni = 2878
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
kernel.shmmni = 4096
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
# For 11g, recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max 2097152', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.rmem_max=2097152
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# For 11g, recommended value for wmem_max is 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max 262144', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.wmem_max:262144
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
# For 11g, recommended value for ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 1024 65000', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:1024 65000
# Added min_free_kbytes 50MB to avoid OOM killer on EL4/EL5
vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200
(f) Repeated this process for all the remaining nodes in the cluster.
On All the Cluster Nodes:
su - oracle
mkdir ~/.ssh
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
Generate the RSA and DSA keys:
/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa
/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa
On node1:
touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
cd ~/.ssh
(a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.
cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
(b) Send this file to node2.
scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/
On node2:
(a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.
cd ~/.ssh
cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
(b) Send this file to node3.
scp authorized_keys node3:.ssh/
On node3:
(a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.
cd ~/.ssh
cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
(b) Send this file to node1 and node2.
scp authorized_keys node1:.ssh/
scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/
On All the Nodes:
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
ssh node1 date
ssh node2 date
ssh node3 date
ssh node1.hingu.net date
ssh node2.hingu.net date
ssh node3.hingu.net date
ssh node1-prv date
ssh node2-prv date
ssh node3-prv date
Entered 'yes' and continued when prompted
Repeat the Above process for user grid:
Volume Group: grid
Physical Volume: /dev/sda5 (1st extended partition on the last physical partition of local disk /dev/sda nas-server)
Logical Volumes: asmdisk01, asmdisk02, asmdisk03
a) Connect to the nas-server using: https://192.168.1.101:446 using openfiler<password>
b) Create the Volume group “grid” and created the two logical volumes asmdisk01 and asmdisk02 for ASM.
c) Assign iSCSI targets to these LUNs so that they can be discovered by the clients (cluster nodes node1, node2 and node3)
Here is the process I followed to create the 3rd logical volume called asmdisk03.
Steps to Create 3rd volume asmdisk03 of size 25GB.
(1) Clicked on ‘Add Volumes” link under the “Volumes” tab.
(2) Filled the appropriate values and press “create”
(3) The 3rd Volume asmdisk03 was created.
(4) Assigned the iscsi-target to this newly created volume.
(a) Clicked on “iSCSI-Targets” line under the “Volumes” tab.
(b) Under the “Target Configuration” sub tab, entered the Value of asmdisk03 in the “Target IQN” box and then clicked “Add” as shown in the screen.
(c) Clicked on the “update” on the same screen with all the default values selected.
(d) Went to the “LUN Mapping” sub tab where the iscsi-target is assigned to the new Logical Volume created (asmdisk03)
(e) Clicked the “map” for the volume asmdisk03.
(f) Went to the “Network ACL” tab and allow all the 3 rac nodes to have access on this iscsi-target.
(5) Restarted the iscsi-target on the NAS (service iscsi-target restart)
(6) Restarted the iscsi service and make it start automatic during the restart of system (On All the RAC Nodes):
chkconfig --level 35 iscsi on
service iscsi restart
(7) Manually discovered the new lun and make them discover automatic at every startup of iscsi. This set of commands is required for every luns to be discovered on RAC nodes. I am showing it only for asmdisk03 here. (On All the RAC Nodes):
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.1.101
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:asmdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 –l
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:asmdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic
Configuration Files:
/etc/sysconfig/network (nas-server)
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=nas-server
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 (nas-server):
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:43:D6
IPADDR=192.168.1.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
/etc/rc.local (nas-server)
vgchange -ay
service iscsi-target restart
The screenshots of the above process:
The 3rd Volume created.
Assigning the iSCSI Target iqn to lun asmdisk03.
Setting up Device Name Persistency: (On all the RAC nodes)
Because OCR and Voting disks are residing on ASM, this setup is no longer required unless these files are stored outside of ASM. In this Installation, the OCR and Voting Files are stored on ASM.
(a) Partition the Disk Devises (only from one node): Format these disks to contain a single primary partition to represent it at the time of creating ASM disk using oracleasm.
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 24992.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-24992, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-24992, default 24992):
Using default value 24992
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 26.2 GB, 26206011392 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 24992 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 24992 25591792 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 25024.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-25024, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-25024, default 25024):
Using default value 25024
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 26.2 GB, 26239565824 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 25024 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 25024 25624560 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 25248.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-25248, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-25248, default 25248):
Using default value 25248
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 26.4 GB, 26474446848 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 25248 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 25248 25853936 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@node1 ~]#
(b) Refreshed the kernel on the remaining nodes with the latest partition table using partprobe.
[root@node1 ~]# partprobe
(c) Verified that the below RPMs are installed before configuring the ASM driver.
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5PAE-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5debug-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5
(d) Configured the ASMLib (All the RAC nodes):
[root@node1 ~]# oracleasm configure –i
(e) Loaded the ASMLib Module (All the RAC nodes):
[root@node1 ~]# oracleasm init
(f) Created the ASM disks using oracleasm: (ONLY from one of the RAC nodes)
oracleasm createdisk DSK01 /dev/sdb1
oracleasm createdisk DSK02 /dev/sdc1
oracleasm createdisk DSK03 /dev/sdd1
oracleasm scandisks
oracleasm listdisks
(g) On the Remaining RAC nodes, simply scanned the ASM disks to instantiate these newly created disks
oracleasm scandisks
oracleasm listdisks
(h) Verified that these ASM disk can be discovered by ASM Libraries (oracleasmlib) on all the RAC Nodes during Installation of Grid Infrastructure.
/usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*'
[grid@node1 ~]$ /usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*'
Using ASMLib from /opt/oracle/extapi/32/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so
[ASM Library - Generic Linux, version 2.0.4 (KABI_V2)]
Discovered disk: ORCL:DSK01 [51183584 blocks (26205995008 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:DSK02 [51249120 blocks (26239549440 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:DSK03 [51707872 blocks (26474430464 bytes), maxio 512]
[grid@node1 ~]$
With this, the pre-Installation steps are completed successfully and are ready to install 11g R2 Grid Infrastructure software Next.
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